Archive for the 'voip' Category

D2, Beceem, ECS developing Android for WiMAX devices

D2 Technologies, Beceem Communications and ECS have teamed to develop the Android operating system on WiMAX smartphones delivering voice over WiMAX and other IP-based services. D2 is providing its mCUE converged communications client paired with Beceem's BCSM250 WiMAX modem and deployed on WiMAX-enabled smartphones and MIDs such as the ECS T371. In early November, D2 and Beceem completed what they claim to be the world's first mobile VoIP calls over WiMAX on Android. Article

2009 Broadband Stimulus Program

Ubiquitous Massive Symmetric Bandwidth relevent sections of the stimulus package are excerpted for you at http://tr.im/MaybeThisTime

ORIGINAL SOURCE DOCUMENT:
http://thomas.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/z?c111:H.R.1: | http://tr.im/111CongHR1

HR 1 PP

111th CONGRESS 

1st Session 

H. R. 1 

IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
February 10, 2009

TITLE II–COMMERCE, JUSTICE, SCIENCE, AND RELATED AGENCIES

DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE 

Bureau of Industry and Security 

operations and administration 

For an additional amount for `Operations and Administration’, $20,000,000, to remain available until September 30, 2010. 

Economic Development Administration 

economic development assistance programs 

For an additional amount for `Economic Development Assistance Programs’, $150,000,000, to remain available until September 30, 2010: Provided, That $50,000,000 shall be for economic adjustment assistance as authorized by section 209 of the Public Works and Economic Development Act of 1965, as amended (42 U.S.C. 3149): Provided further, That in allocating the funds provided in the previous proviso, the Secretary of Commerce shall give priority consideration to areas of the Nation that have experienced sudden and severe economic dislocation and job loss due to corporate restructuring. 

Bureau of the Census 

periodic censuses and programs 

For an additional amount for `Periodic Censuses and Programs’, $1,000,000,000, to remain available until September 30, 2010. 

National Telecommunications and Information Administration

broadband technology opportunities program 

For an amount for `Broadband Technology Opportunities Program’, $7,000,000,000, to remain available until September 30, 2010: Provided, That of the funds provided under this heading, $6,650,000,000 shall be expended pursuant to section 201 of this Act, of which: not less than $200,000,000 shall be available for competitive grants for expanding public computer center capacity, including at community colleges and public libraries; not less than $250,000,000 shall be available for competitive grants for innovative programs to encourage sustainable adoption of broadband service; and $10,000,000 shall be transferred to `Department of Commerce, Office of Inspector General’ for the purposes of audits and oversight of funds provided under this heading and such funds shall remain available until expended: Provided further, That 50 percent of the funds provided in the previous proviso shall be used to support projects in rural communities, which in part may be transferred to the Department of Agriculture for administration through the Rural Utilities Service if deemed necessary and appropriate by the Secretary of Commerce, in consultation with the Secretary of Agriculture, and only if the Committees on Appropriations of the House and the Senate are notified not less than 15 days in advance of the transfer of such funds: Provided further, That of the funds provided under this heading, up to $350,000,000 may be expended pursuant to Public Law 110-385 (47 U.S.C. 1301 note) and for the purposes of developing and maintaining a broadband inventory map pursuant to section 201 of this Act: Provided further, That of the funds provided under this heading, amounts deemed necessary and appropriate by the Secretary of Commerce, in consultation with the Federal Communications Commission (FCC), may be transferred to the FCC for the purposes of developing a national broadband plan or for carrying out any other FCC responsibilities pursuant to section 201 of this Act, and only if the Committees on Appropriations of the House and the Senate are notified not less than 15 days in advance of the transfer of such funds: Provided further, That not more than 3 percent of funds provided under this heading may be used for administrative costs, and this limitation shall apply to funds which may be transferred to the Department of Agriculture and the FCC. 

digital-to-analog converter box program 

For an amount for `Digital-to-Analog Converter Box Program’, $650,000,000, for additional coupons and related activities under the program implemented under section 3005 of the Digital Television Transition and Public Safety Act of 2005, to remain available until September 30, 2010: Provided, That of the amounts provided under this heading, $90,000,000 may be for education and outreach, including grants to organizations for programs to educate vulnerable populations, including senior citizens, minority communities, people with disabilities, low-income individuals, and people living in rural areas, about the transition and to provide one-on-one assistance to vulnerable populations, including help with converter box installation: Provided further, That the amounts provided in the previous proviso may be transferred to the Federal Communications Commission (Commission) if deemed necessary and appropriate by the Secretary of Commerce in consultation with the Commission, and only if the Committees on Appropriations of the House and the Senate are notified not less than 5 days in advance of transfer of such funds: Provided further, That $2,000,000 of funds provided under this heading shall be transferred to `Department of Commerce, Office of Inspector General’ for audits and oversight of funds provided under this heading.

GENERAL PROVISIONS–THIS TITLE

Sec. 201. The Assistant Secretary of Commerce for Communications and Information (Assistant Secretary), in consultation with the Federal Communications Commission (Commission) (and, with respect to rural areas, the Secretary of Agriculture), shall establish a national broadband service development and expansion program in conjunction with the technology opportunities program, which shall be referred to the Broadband Technology Opportunities Program. The Assistant Secretary shall ensure that the program complements and enhances and does not conflict with other Federal broadband initiatives and programs. 

(1) The purposes of the program are to– 

(A) provide access to broadband service to citizens residing in unserved areas of the United States; 

(B) provide improved access to broadband service to citizens residing in underserved areas of the United States; 

(C) provide broadband education, awareness, training, access, equipment, and support to– 

(i) schools, libraries, medical and healthcare providers, community colleges and other institutions of higher education, and other community support organizations and entities to facilitate greater use of broadband service by or through these organizations; 

(ii) organizations and agencies that provide outreach, access, equipment, and support services to facilitate greater use of broadband service by low-income, unemployed, aged, and otherwise vulnerable populations; and 

(iii) job-creating strategic facilities located within a State-designated economic zone, Economic Development District designated by the Department of Commerce, Renewal Community or Empowerment Zone designated by the Department of Housing and Urban Development, or Enterprise Community designated by the Department of Agriculture. 

(D) improve access to, and use of, broadband service by public safety agencies; and 

(E) stimulate the demand for broadband, economic growth, and job creation. 

(2) The Assistant Secretary may consult with the chief executive officer of any State with respect to– 

(A) the identification of areas described in subsection (1)(A) or (B) located in that State; and 

(B) the allocation of grant funds within that State for projects in or affecting the State. 

(3) The Assistant Secretary shall– 

(A) establish and implement the grant program as expeditiously as practicable; 

(B) ensure that all awards are made before the end of fiscal year 2010; 

(C) seek such assurances as may be necessary or appropriate from grantees under the program that they will substantially complete projects supported by the program in accordance with project timelines, not to exceed 2 years following an award; and 

(D) report on the status of the program to the Committees on Appropriations of the House and the Senate, the Committee on Energy and Commerce of the House, and the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation of the Senate, every 90 days. 

(4) To be eligible for a grant under the program an applicant shall– 

(A) be a State or political subdivision thereof, a nonprofit foundation, corporation, institution or association, Indian tribe, Native Hawaiian organization, or other non-governmental entity in partnership with a State or political subdivision thereof, Indian tribe, or Native Hawaiian organization if the Assistant Secretary determines the partnership consistent with the purposes this section; 

(B) submit an application, at such time, in such form, and containing such information as the Assistant Secretary may require; 

(C) provide a detailed explanation of how any amount received under the program will be used to carry out the purposes of this section in an efficient and expeditious manner, including a demonstration that the project would not have been implemented during the grant period without Federal grant assistance; 

(D) demonstrate, to the satisfaction of the Assistant Secretary, that it is capable of carrying out the project or function to which the application relates in a competent manner in compliance with all applicable Federal, State, and local laws; 

(E) demonstrate, to the satisfaction of the Assistant Secretary, that it will appropriate (if the applicant is a State or local government agency) or otherwise unconditionally obligate, from non-Federal sources, funds required to meet the requirements of paragraph (5); 

(F) disclose to the Assistant Secretary the source and amount of other Federal or State funding sources from which the applicant receives, or has applied for, funding for activities or projects to which the application relates; and 

(G) provide such assurances and procedures as the Assistant Secretary may require to ensure that grant funds are used and accounted for in an appropriate manner. 

(5) The Federal share of any project may not exceed 80 percent, except that the Assistant Secretary may increase the Federal share of a project above 80 percent if– 

(A) the applicant petitions the Assistant Secretary for a waiver; and 

(B) the Assistant Secretary determines that the petition demonstrates financial need. 

(6) The Assistant Secretary may make competitive grants under the program to– 

(A) acquire equipment, instrumentation, networking capability, hardware and software, digital network technology, and infrastructure for broadband services; 

(B) construct and deploy broadband service related infrastructure; 

(C) ensure access to broadband service by community anchor institutions; 

(D) facilitate access to broadband service by low-income, unemployed, aged, and otherwise vulnerable populations in order to provide educational and employment opportunities to members of such populations; 

(E) construct and deploy broadband facilities that improve public safety broadband communications services; and 

(F) undertake such other projects and activities as the Assistant Secretary finds to be consistent with the purposes for which the program is established. 

(7) The Assistant Secretary– 

(A) shall require any entity receiving a grant pursuant to this section to report quarterly, in a format specified by the Assistant Secretary, on such entity’s use of the assistance and progress fulfilling the objectives for which such funds were granted, and the Assistant Secretary shall make these reports available to the public; 

(B) may establish additional reporting and information requirements for any recipient of any assistance made available pursuant to this section; 

(C) shall establish appropriate mechanisms to ensure appropriate use and compliance with all terms of any use of funds made available pursuant to this section; 

(D) may, in addition to other authority under applicable law, deobligate awards to grantees that demonstrate an insufficient level of performance, or wasteful or fraudulent spending, as defined in advance by the Assistant Secretary, and award these funds competitively to new or existing applicants consistent with this section; and 

(E) shall create and maintain a fully searchable database, accessible on the Internet at no cost to the public, that contains at least the name of each entity receiving funds made available pursuant to this section, the purpose for which such entity is receiving such funds, each quarterly report submitted by the entity pursuant to this section, and such other information sufficient to allow the public to understand and monitor grants awarded under the program. 

(8) Concurrent with the issuance of the Request for Proposal for grant applications pursuant to this section, the Assistant Secretary shall, in coordination with the Federal Communications Commission, publish the non-discrimination and network interconnection obligations that shall be contractual conditions of grants awarded under this section. 

(9) Within 1 year after the date of enactment of this Act, the Commission shall complete a rulemaking to develop a national broadband plan. In developing the plan, the Commission shall– 

(A) consider the most effective and efficient national strategy for ensuring that all Americans have access to, and take advantage of, advanced broadband services; 

(B) have access to data provided to other Government agencies under the Broadband Data Improvement Act (47 U.S.C. 1301 note); 

(C) evaluate the status of deployments of broadband service, including the progress of projects supported by the grants made pursuant to this section; and 

(D) develop recommendations for achieving the goal of nationally available broadband service for the United States and for promoting broadband adoption nationwide. 

(10) The Assistant Secretary shall develop and maintain a comprehensive nationwide inventory map of existing broadband service capability and availability in the United States that entities and depicts the geographic extent to which broadband service capability is deployed and available from a commercial provider or public provider throughout each State: Provided, That not later than 2 years after the date of the enactment of the Act, the Assistant Secretary shall make the broadband inventory map developed and maintained pursuant to this section accessible to the public. 

Sec. 202. The Assistant Secretary of Commerce for Communications and Information may reissue any coupon issued under section 3005(a) of the Digital Television Transition and Public Safety Act of 2005 that has expired before use, and shall cancel any unredeemed coupon reported as lost and may issue a replacement coupon for the lost coupon.

PART VIII–Broadband Incentives

Sec. 1271. Broadband Internet access tax credit.

PART VIII–BROADBAND INCENTIVES

SEC. 1271. BROADBAND INTERNET ACCESS TAX CREDIT. 

(a) In General- Subpart E of part IV of chapter 1 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 (relating to rules for computing investment credit), as amended by this Act, is amended by inserting after section 48C the following new section: 

`SEC. 48D. BROADBAND INTERNET ACCESS CREDIT. 

`(a) General Rule- For purposes of section 46, the broadband credit for any taxable year is the sum of– 

`(1) the current generation broadband credit, plus 

`(2) the next generation broadband credit. 

`(b) Current Generation Broadband Credit; Next Generation Broadband Credit- For purposes of this section– 

`(1) CURRENT GENERATION BROADBAND CREDIT- The current generation broadband credit for any taxable year is equal to 10 percent (20 percent in the case of qualified subscribers which are unserved subscribers) of the qualified broadband expenditures incurred with respect to qualified equipment providing current generation broadband services to qualified subscribers and taken into account with respect to such taxable year. 

`(2) NEXT GENERATION BROADBAND CREDIT- The next generation broadband credit for any taxable year is equal to 20 percent of the qualified broadband expenditures incurred with respect to qualified equipment providing next generation broadband services to qualified subscribers and taken into account with respect to such taxable year. 

`(c) When Expenditures Taken Into Account- For purposes of this section– 

`(1) IN GENERAL- Qualified broadband expenditures with respect to qualified equipment shall be taken into account with respect to the first taxable year in which– 

`(A) current generation broadband services are provided through such equipment to qualified subscribers, or 

`(B) next generation broadband services are provided through such equipment to qualified subscribers. 

`(2) LIMITATION- 

`(A) IN GENERAL- Qualified broadband expenditures shall be taken into account under paragraph (1) only with respect to qualified equipment– 

`(i) the original use of which commences with the taxpayer, and 

`(ii) which is placed in service, after December 31, 2008, and before January 1, 2011. 

`(B) SALE-LEASEBACKS- For purposes of subparagraph (A), if property– 

`(i) is originally placed in service after December 31, 2008, by any person, and 

`(ii) sold and leased back by such person within 3 months after the date such property was originally placed in service, 

such property shall be treated as originally placed in service not earlier than the date on which such property is used under the leaseback referred to in clause (ii). 

`(d) Special Allocation Rules for Current Generation Broadband Services- For purposes of determining the current generation broadband credit under subsection (a)(1) with respect to qualified equipment through which current generation broadband services are provided, if the qualified equipment is capable of serving both qualified subscribers and other subscribers, the qualified broadband expenditures shall be multiplied by a fraction– 

`(1) the numerator of which is the sum of the number of potential qualified subscribers within the rural areas and the underserved areas and the unserved areas which the equipment is capable of serving with current generation broadband services, and 

`(2) the denominator of which is the total potential subscriber population of the area which the equipment is capable of serving with current generation broadband services. 

`(e) Definitions- For purposes of this section– 

`(1) ANTENNA- The term `antenna’ means any device used to transmit or receive signals through the electromagnetic spectrum, including satellite equipment. 

`(2) CABLE OPERATOR- The term `cable operator’ has the meaning given such term by section 602(5) of the Communications Act of 1934 (47 U.S.C. 522(5)). 

`(3) COMMERCIAL MOBILE SERVICE CARRIER- The term `commercial mobile service carrier’ means any person authorized to provide commercial mobile radio service as defined in section 20.3 of title 47, Code of Federal Regulations. 

`(4) CURRENT GENERATION BROADBAND SERVICE- The term `current generation broadband service’ means the transmission of signals at a rate of at least 5,000,000 bits per second to the subscriber and at least 1,000,000 bits per second from the subscriber (at least 3,000,000 bits per second to the subscriber and at least 768,000 bits per second from the subscriber in the case of service through radio transmission of energy). 

`(5) MULTIPLEXING OR DEMULTIPLEXING- The term `multiplexing’ means the transmission of 2 or more signals over a single channel, and the term `demultiplexing’ means the separation of 2 or more signals previously combined by compatible multiplexing equipment. 

`(6) NEXT GENERATION BROADBAND SERVICE- The term `next generation broadband service’ means the transmission of signals at a rate of at least 100,000,000 bits per second to the subscriber (or its equivalent when the data rate is measured before being compressed for transmission) and at least 20,000,000 bits per second from the subscriber (or its equivalent as so measured). 

`(7) NONRESIDENTIAL SUBSCRIBER- The term `nonresidential subscriber’ means any person who purchases broadband services which are delivered to the permanent place of business of such person. 

`(8) OPEN VIDEO SYSTEM OPERATOR- The term `open video system operator’ means any person authorized to provide service under section 653 of the Communications Act of 1934 (47 U.S.C. 573). 

`(9) OTHER WIRELESS CARRIER- The term `other wireless carrier’ means any person (other than a telecommunications carrier, commercial mobile service carrier, cable operator, open video system operator, or satellite carrier) providing current generation broadband services or next generation broadband service to subscribers through the radio transmission of energy. 

`(10) PACKET SWITCHING- The term `packet switching’ means controlling or routing the path of a digitized transmission signal which is assembled into packets or cells. 

`(11) PROVIDER- The term `provider’ means, with respect to any qualified equipment any– 

`(A) cable operator, 

`(B) commercial mobile service carrier, 

`(C) open video system operator, 

`(D) satellite carrier, 

`(E) telecommunications carrier, or 

`(F) other wireless carrier, 

providing current generation broadband services or next generation broadband services to subscribers through such qualified equipment. 

`(12) PROVISION OF SERVICES- A provider shall be treated as providing services to 1 or more subscribers if– 

`(A) such a subscriber has been passed by the provider’s equipment and can be connected to such equipment for a standard connection fee, 

`(B) the provider is physically able to deliver current generation broadband services or next generation broadband services, as applicable, to such a subscriber without making more than an insignificant investment with respect to such subscriber, 

`(C) the provider has made reasonable efforts to make such subscribers aware of the availability of such services, 

`(D) such services have been purchased by 1 or more such subscribers, and 

`(E) such services are made available to such subscribers at average prices comparable to those at which the provider makes available similar services in any areas in which the provider makes available such services. 

`(13) QUALIFIED EQUIPMENT- 

`(A) IN GENERAL- The term `qualified equipment’ means property with respect to which depreciation (or amortization in lieu of depreciation) is allowable and which provides current generation broadband services or next generation broadband services– 

`(i) at least a majority of the time during periods of maximum demand to each subscriber who is utilizing such services, and 

`(ii) in a manner substantially the same as such services are provided by the provider to subscribers through equipment with respect to which no credit is allowed under subsection (a)(1). 

`(B) ONLY CERTAIN INVESTMENT TAKEN INTO ACCOUNT- Except as provided in subparagraph (C) or (D), equipment shall be taken into account under subparagraph (A) only to the extent it– 

`(i) extends from the last point of switching to the outside of the unit, building, dwelling, or office owned or leased by a subscriber in the case of a telecommunications carrier or broadband-over-powerline operator, 

`(ii) extends from the customer side of the mobile telephone switching office to a transmission/receive antenna (including such antenna) owned or leased by a subscriber in the case of a commercial mobile service carrier, 

`(iii) extends from the customer side of the headend to the outside of the unit, building, dwelling, or office owned or leased by a subscriber in the case of a cable operator or open video system operator, or 

`(iv) extends from a transmission/receive antenna (including such antenna) which transmits and receives signals to or from multiple subscribers, to a transmission/receive antenna (including such antenna) on the outside of the unit, building, dwelling, or office owned or leased by a subscriber in the case of a satellite carrier or other wireless carrier, unless such other wireless carrier is also a telecommunications carrier. 

`(C) PACKET SWITCHING EQUIPMENT- Packet switching equipment, regardless of location, shall be taken into account under subparagraph (A) only if it is deployed in connection with equipment described in subparagraph (B) and is uniquely designed to perform the function of packet switching for current generation broadband services or next generation broadband services, but only if such packet switching is the last in a series of such functions performed in the transmission of a signal to a subscriber or the first in a series of such functions performed in the transmission of a signal from a subscriber. 

`(D) MULTIPLEXING AND DEMULTIPLEXING EQUIPMENT- Multiplexing and demultiplexing equipment shall be taken into account under subparagraph (A) only to the extent it is deployed in connection with equipment described in subparagraph (B) and is uniquely designed to perform the function of multiplexing and demultiplexing packets or cells of data and making associated application adaptions, but only if such multiplexing or demultiplexing equipment is located between packet switching equipment described in subparagraph (C) and the subscriber’s premises. 

`(14) QUALIFIED BROADBAND EXPENDITURE- 

`(A) IN GENERAL- The term `qualified broadband expenditure’ means any amount– 

`(i) chargeable to capital account with respect to the purchase and installation of qualified equipment (including any upgrades thereto) for which depreciation is allowable under section 168, and 

`(ii) incurred after December 31, 2008, and before January 1, 2011. 

`(B) CERTAIN SATELLITE EXPENDITURES EXCLUDED- Such term shall not include any expenditure with respect to the launching of any satellite equipment. 

`(C) LEASED EQUIPMENT- Such term shall include so much of the purchase price paid by the lessor of equipment subject to a lease described in subsection (c)(2)(B) as is attributable to expenditures incurred by the lessee which would otherwise be described in subparagraph (A). 

`(15) QUALIFIED SUBSCRIBER- The term `qualified subscriber’ means– 

`(A) with respect to the provision of current generation broadband services– 

`(i) any nonresidential subscriber maintaining a permanent place of business in a rural area, an underserved area, or an unserved area, or 

`(ii) any residential subscriber residing in a dwelling located in a rural area, an underserved area, or an unserved area which is not a saturated market, and 

`(B) with respect to the provision of next generation broadband services– 

`(i) any nonresidential subscriber maintaining a permanent place of business in a rural area, an underserved area, or an unserved area , or 

`(ii) any residential subscriber. 

`(16) RESIDENTIAL SUBSCRIBER- The term `residential subscriber’ means any individual who purchases broadband services which are delivered to such individual’s dwelling. 

`(17) RURAL AREA- The term `rural area’ means any census tract which– 

`(A) is not within 10 miles of any incorporated or census designated place containing more than 25,000 people, and 

`(B) is not within a county or county equivalent which has an overall population density of more than 500 people per square mile of land. 

`(18) RURAL SUBSCRIBER- The term `rural subscriber’ means any residential subscriber residing in a dwelling located in a rural area or nonresidential subscriber maintaining a permanent place of business located in a rural area. 

`(19) SATELLITE CARRIER- The term `satellite carrier’ means any person using the facilities of a satellite or satellite service licensed by the Federal Communications Commission and operating in the Fixed-Satellite Service under part 25 of title 47 of the Code of Federal Regulations or the Direct Broadcast Satellite Service under part 100 of title 47 of such Code to establish and operate a channel of communications for distribution of signals, and owning or leasing a capacity or service on a satellite in order to provide such point-to-multipoint distribution. 

`(20) SATURATED MARKET- The term `saturated market’ means any census tract in which, as of the date of the enactment of this section– 

`(A) current generation broadband services have been provided by a single provider to 85 percent or more of the total number of potential residential subscribers residing in dwellings located within such census tract, and 

`(B) such services can be utilized– 

`(i) at least a majority of the time during periods of maximum demand by each such subscriber who is utilizing such services, and 

`(ii) in a manner substantially the same as such services are provided by the provider to subscribers through equipment with respect to which no credit is allowed under subsection (a)(1). 

`(21) SUBSCRIBER- The term `subscriber’ means any person who purchases current generation broadband services or next generation broadband services. 

`(22) TELECOMMUNICATIONS CARRIER- The term `telecommunications carrier’ has the meaning given such term by section 3(44) of the Communications Act of 1934 (47 U.S.C. 153(44)), but– 

`(A) includes all members of an affiliated group of which a telecommunications carrier is a member, and 

`(B) does not include any commercial mobile service carrier. 

`(23) TOTAL POTENTIAL SUBSCRIBER POPULATION- The term `total potential subscriber population’ means, with respect to any area and based on the most recent census data, the total number of potential residential subscribers residing in dwellings located in such area and potential nonresidential subscribers maintaining permanent places of business located in such area. 

`(24) UNDERSERVED AREA- The term `underserved area’ means any census tract which is located in– 

`(A) an empowerment zone or enterprise community designated under section 1391, 

`(B) the District of Columbia Enterprise Zone established under section 1400, 

`(C) a renewal community designated under section 1400E, or 

`(D) a low-income community designated under section 45D. 

`(25) UNDERSERVED SUBSCRIBER- The term `underserved subscriber’ means any residential subscriber residing in a dwelling located in an underserved area or nonresidential subscriber maintaining a permanent place of business located in an underserved area. 

`(26) UNSERVED AREA- The term `unserved area’ means any census tract in which no current generation broadband services are provided, as certified by the State in which such tract is located not later than September 30, 2009. 

`(27) UNSERVED SUBSCRIBER- The term `unserved subscriber’ means any residential subscriber residing in a dwelling located in an unserved area or nonresidential subscriber maintaining a permanent place of business located in an unserved area.’. 

(b) Credit To Be Part of Investment Credit- Section 46 (relating to the amount of investment credit), as amended by this Act, is amended by striking `and’ at the end of paragraph (4), by striking the period at the end of paragraph (5) and inserting `, and’, and by adding at the end the following: 

`(6) the broadband Internet access credit.’ 

(c) Special Rule for Mutual or Cooperative Telephone Companies- Section 501(c)(12)(B) (relating to list of exempt organizations) is amended by striking `or’ at the end of clause (iii), by striking the period at the end of clause (iv) and inserting `, or’, and by adding at the end the following new clause: 

`(v) from the sale of property subject to a lease described in section 48D(c)(2)(B), but only to the extent such income does not in any year exceed an amount equal to the credit for qualified broadband expenditures which would be determined under section 48D for such year if the mutual or cooperative telephone company was not exempt from taxation and was treated as the owner of the property subject to such lease.’. 

(d) Conforming Amendments- 

(1) Section 49(a)(1)(C), as amended by this Act, is amended by striking `and’ at the end of clause (iv), by striking the period at the end of clause (v) and inserting `, and’, and by adding after clause (v) the following new clause: 

`(vi) the portion of the basis of any qualified equipment attributable to qualified broadband expenditures under section 48D.’. 

(2) The table of sections for subpart E of part IV of subchapter A of chapter 1, as amended by this Act, is amended by inserting after the item relating to section 48C the following: 

`Sec. 48D. Broadband internet access credit’. 

(e) Designation of Census Tracts- 

(1) IN GENERAL- The Secretary of the Treasury shall, not later than 90 days after the date of the enactment of this Act, designate and publish those census tracts meeting the criteria described in paragraphs (17), (23), (24), and (26) of section 48D(e) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 (as added by this section). In making such designations, the Secretary of the Treasury shall consult with such other departments and agencies as the Secretary determines appropriate. 

(2) SATURATED MARKET- 

(A) IN GENERAL- For purposes of designating and publishing those census tracts meeting the criteria described in subsection (e)(20) of such section 48D– 

(i) the Secretary of the Treasury shall prescribe not later than 30 days after the date of the enactment of this Act the form upon which any provider which takes the position that it meets such criteria with respect to any census tract shall submit a list of such census tracts (and any other information required by the Secretary) not later than 60 days after the date of the publication of such form, and 

(ii) the Secretary of the Treasury shall publish an aggregate list of such census tracts submitted and the applicable providers not later than 30 days after the last date such submissions are allowed under clause (i). 

(B) NO SUBSEQUENT LISTS REQUIRED- The Secretary of the Treasury shall not be required to publish any list of census tracts meeting such criteria subsequent to the list described in subparagraph (A)(ii). 

(C) AUTHORITY TO DISREGARD FALSE SUBMISSIONS- In addition to imposing any other applicable penalties, the Secretary of the Treasury shall have the discretion to disregard any form described in subparagraph (A)(i) on which a provider knowingly submitted false information. 

(f) Other Regulatory Matters- 

(1) PROHIBITION- No Federal or State agency or instrumentality shall adopt regulations or ratemaking procedures that would have the effect of eliminating or reducing any credit or portion thereof allowed under section 48D of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 (as added by this section) or otherwise subverting the purpose of this section. 

(2) TREASURY REGULATORY AUTHORITY- It is the intent of Congress in providing the broadband Internet access credit under section 48D of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 (as added by this section) to provide incentives for the purchase, installation, and connection of equipment and facilities offering expanded broadband access to the Internet for users in certain low income and rural areas of the United States, as well as to residential users nationwide, in a manner that maintains competitive neutrality among the various classes of providers of broadband services. Accordingly, the Secretary of the Treasury shall prescribe such regulations as may be necessary or appropriate to carry out the purposes of section 48D of such Code, including– 

(A) regulations to determine how and when a taxpayer that incurs qualified broadband expenditures satisfies the requirements of section 48D of such Code to provide broadband services, and 

(B) regulations describing the information, records, and data taxpayers are required to provide the Secretary to substantiate compliance with the requirements of section 48D of such Code. 

(g) Effective Date- The amendments made by this section shall apply to expenditures incurred after December 31, 2008. 

SEC. 8005. SUNSET OF AUTHORITY. 

The authority of the Secretary to provide assistance under this title shall terminate on December 31, 2011.Passed the House of Representatives January 28, 2009.

 

Attest:

LORRAINE C. MILLER,

Clerk.

Passed the Senate February 10, 2009.

Attest:

NANCY ERICKSON,

Secretary.

Linking Skype 2.8 Beta to Twitter – here’s how to do it…

Wouldn’t it be great if you could integrate Skype’s mood messages with Twitter? So that whatever you entered in Skype could show up in Twitter?

It turns out that you can in the new Skype 2.8 Beta for Mac OS X… with a little file editing.

NOTE: This appears to be an experimental feature added by a Skype developer… and as I note at the bottom, it has some bugs.

Here’s what you need to do:

1. On your Mac, using either the Finder or the command-line, whichever you prefer, go to the directory/folder /Users/yourmacusername/Library/Application Support/Skype/yourskypeusername. (For example, my directory is /Users/dyork/Library/Application Support/Skype/danyork)

2. With some text editor, open the file config.xml.

3. Toward the end of the file, you will see a section of XML about <UI> and inside of that a subsection <General>. In that General section, add these two lines:

 <TwitterPassword>yourpassword</TwitterPassword>
 <TwitterUsername>yourusername</TwitterUsername>

Here’s an abbreviated version of what it looked like in my file:

  <UI>
    ...
    <General>
      <LastSkypeVersionUsed>2.8.0.309</LastSkypeVersionUsed>
      <SmsShowNumber>0</SmsShowNumber>
      <TwitterPassword>yourpassword</TwitterPassword>
      <TwitterUsername>yourusername</TwitterUsername>
    </General>
    <Profile>
      <LastOnlineStatus>2</LastOnlineStatus>
    </Profile>
  </UI>

4. Restart Skype.

Ta da… now anything you type in your Mood Message Chat or regular Mood Message window will show up in Twitter.

Now I found out about this when I sent some feedback to Skype about my initial use of the 2.8 Beta and said “I already have enough places to update status – why can’t this be linked to, say, Twitter?” The email response mentioned this hack of the config file. I have no idea whether this feature will be improved in some future version (and perhaps supported) or if it will be removed… or simply remain as a hack for those who want to go through the work.

A MAJOR CAVEAT – It does, though, seem to have at least one major bug. If those of you following my Twitter stream wondered why I had tweets coming out that were simply something like “Define”, here’s why…

the Skype-to-Twitter integration seems to chop what is sent to Twitter after a single or double-quote

So setting my Skype mood message to:

Define “VoIP” – and then we can talk about it’s death!

wound up simply being this in Twitter:

Define

Similarly, mood messages I have entered with apostrophes (such as “Here’s a link to …. “) wind up only sending the part before the apostrophe. It would appear to pretty obviously be a bug in how this code is written. Maybe they’ll fix that. Maybe they won’t.

Still, if you can avoid apostrophes and quotes, it does provide a nice way for Skype mood messages to go to Twitter. Obviously this means that Skype is where you originate your Twitter messages (or at least some of them… the ones that you update in your Mood Messages).

Going the other way and allowing Twitter messages to update your Skype mood message would also be great… but that’s not this particular feature.

And there you have it… have fun with it!

P.S. Sorry, Windows and Linux Skype users, this appears to be another Mac-only feature…


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Skype 2.8 Beta now available for download for Mac OS X…

skype_logo.pngSkype has now announced that the 2.8 Beta for Mac OS X is available for download. As I wrote about yesterday and demonstrated in a video, the new version lets you do screen sharing, access Boingo hotspots, manage chats and more…

Skype’s news release is also out as well as a longer Skype blog post explaining the features (and which talks more about Skype Access, something I was unable to really try or demo).

It also looks to be worth reading through the full release notes for this version as there is a LONG list of improvements, changes and bug fixes.

But you don’t have to take my word for it anymore, you can download the 2.8 Beta for Mac OS X now.


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Skype 2.8 Beta for Mac OS X provides screen sharing, WiFi access, chat features and Twitter-like mood messages

UPDATE: Skype 2.8 Beta for Mac OS X is now available for download.


skype_logo.pngTonight out at the “ShowStoppers” event at MacWorld in San Francisco, Skype announced the new 2.8 Beta for Mac OS X. The new version will apparently be available for download tomorrow, January 6, 2009, from Skype’s website. [NOTE: I will update this post with the download link when it becomes available.]

Continuing Skype’s rather fragmented product strategy, they have rolled out some new features in this 2.8 beta release that will at least stop us Mac users from whining about Windows users always getting the good stuff first. Here’s the quick list of what Skype notes is in this release:

  • Skype Access
  • Screen Sharing
  • Improved chat management: ability to sort chats in the drawer and set priorities to chats
  • Quick Add: much easier to add people to chats
  • Mood message chat: mood message updates from your friends as chat messages
  • Large avatars: 256×256 pixels
  • Hidden avatars in incoming contact requests
  • Ability to add your own notes to contacts

Courtesy of Skype’s PR team, I’ve had a chance to play with the 2.8 beta for a couple of weeks and have these thoughts below…

SKYPE ACCESS

Probably the largest “new” feature is “Skype Access”, a service that lets you go to any of the 100,000 Boingo WiFi hotspots and – using Skype – connect to the Boingo hotspot. When you connect, you pay on a per-minute basis and the fee (roughly 20 cents per minute) is deducted from your Skype Credit. You do not have to pay the Boingo monthly fee. You do not have to pay any hourly or daily fees.

Judging from the news release and pre-release info, Skype is immensely proud of this feature but I will be honest and say it does little for me. I just don’t use WiFi hotspots as much while traveling (especially now that I’m paying for a wireless broadband adapter). However, I can see how this could be of value. If all you wanted to do was crack open your Mac and send some email, this gives you a great way to do that on a per-minute basis. If I were a heavy user of WiFi hotspots, I’d want to do the math to figure out if it would just be cheaper to buy a monthly Boingo access.

Regardless, it’s an interesting move for Skype to get into the business of connecting you to Internet access.

SCREEN SHARING

The coolest feature of the 2.8 beta is a “screensharing” feature where you can share either your entire screen or just a portion of your screen with the Skype user on the other end. Now, this works with all other versions of Skype because it replaces your video stream with the screen sharing. So a Mac Skype user can share their screen with Windows and Linux users…. which is pretty cool.

It’s hard to show in a blog post, but if you watch my screencast about the 2.8 beta, you can see it in action:

You can share either your entire desktop or just a section of your screen. You can also resize the section you are sharing while you are in the middle of sharing. When you stop sharing, you just flip back to showing your video.

CHAT PRIORITIZATION

By far the most useful feature I’ve found in the 2.8 beta is the ability to set the “priority” of a chat session – and then sort your chat sessions by priority in the Mac’s “drawer” way of displaying chat sessions. I can just control-click a chat (either a private or public chat) and then go down to the “Set Priority” menu choice:

skype28mac-setpriority.jpg

You can then sort the chats based on their priority using the drop-down menu at the top of the “drawer”:

skype28beta-sortbypriority.jpg

You can also sort based on title or date. Personally I’ve found the Sort by Priority to be very useful when you have, as I do, a zillion chats open at any one time. (And yes, I report to RJ, our CTO, so his chat gets the highest priority! ;-) )

MOOD MESSAGE CHAT – AND FOLLOWING (like Twitter)

Perhaps the most intriguing aspect of the 2.8 beta is the new “Mood Messages” pseudo-chat that you can enable in the Advanced part of the Skype Preferences:

skypemac28beta-advancedprefs.jpg

Once you enable the “Mood Message Chat”, you get a new chat window that opens up that shows you the mood messages of all of your contacts:

skypemac28beta-moodmessages.jpg

It also very nicely lets you set your mood message simply by typing in the window as you would to any other chat window. This is quite nice for someone like me who almost never changes my mood message in the regular window.

This actually makes Skype mood messages useful to me.

However, because of that other option that says “Show iTunes song in my mood message”, you rapidly wind up seeing that a whole lot of people have that option checked and your Mood Message Chat rapidly fills with updates of music people listen to. What if you don’t want to see their updates? Well, Skype has made it so that you can “follow” updates from your contacts through a simple menu choice:

skypemac28beta-followmoodmessage.jpg

The down side here is that if you enable the Mood Message Chat, you are following all your contacts by default and have to go through and “unfollow” (i.e. uncheck the menu choice) people you don’t want to follow. It would be great if Skype had a “follow by default” or a “stop following all contacts” choice… something along those lines to let you control who you are following.

The intriguing aspect here is that this enables you to turn Skype mood messages into the kind of status updates that you typically have in Twitter, Facebook, or any of the other zillion services offering status updates. The great thing here is that it is simply another Skype chat window like all your other chats. (Of course, you can get a Skype chat for Twitter using “twitter4skype”, but this is now with Skype mood messages.)

I think, though, for it to reach any kind of real usage, you need more people to enable this feature (it is off by default) and actually start using it – and for that it also needs to be on more platforms.

[As a tease, I'll mention that there is a way to integrate this mood message chat with Twitter, so anything I type there also shows up in my Twitter stream... but I'll write about that in a separate blog post as it's not directly tied to the 2.8 beta release. Soon...]

QUICK ADD

Another nice feature is the ability to quickly add someone to a chat through a button at the top of the chat window. You click on the window and start typing in a contact’s name:

skype28-quickaddtochat.jpg

Before you could always drag-and-drop a contact from your main Skype window into a chat, but now you can use this quick add button. It is particularly useful if you have a large number of Skype contacts.

NOTES ON CONTACTS

Another useful feature is the ability to add private notes to each of your Contacts. So you could store information about how you know the person… their interests… basically anything you want as it is a free-form text field:

skypemac28beta-notes.jpg

What’s not yet clear to me is where these notes are stored. Are they accessible through multiple Skype clients if you were logged in on multiple machines? Or are they tied to the machine where you create the Notes? I’m guessing that they are stored with the local client like chat histories are…. but I’d need to have multiple installations of the 2.8 beta to really know this.

OTHER FEATURES

Skype also added a few other features:

  • New set of icons
  • Large avatars: You can now have images up to 256×256 pixels in size.
  • Hidden avatars in incoming contact requests – so you aren’t exposed to images that might be offensive.

There are undoubtedly other features that we’ll find as we work with it more.

CONCLUSION

So with this 2.8 Beta for Mac OS X, Skype provides some interesting new capabilities. I can see the screen sharing being quite useful to show people what’s on my screen. The chat prioritization is great for heavy chat users like me. The possibilities of actually making the Mood Messages useful intrigue me. Frequent WiFi hotspot users may find the Skype Access feature useful and economical.

All in all, it’s a great evolution of the Skype client for Mac OS X.

I do wish, though, as I’ve discussed before, that Skype’s product strategy weren’t so fragmented. Sure, as a Mac user, it’s fun for a few minutes to have some features that Windows users don’t have… but that fun rapidly fades when I can share my desktop with a Windows user but they can’t share their’s. And they almost never use the Mood Messages because it’s not convenient to do so.

Perhaps most annoyingly, I am currently in a position where I am helping some Windows users get started with Skype and so I’m trying to help them with their Skype client… when mine is markedly different. It’s a frustrating experience. I do hope Skype’s new management can help converge the product streams so that the user experience (and technical support experience) is closer between platforms (while, yes, acknowledging that platforms have UI/behavior differences). We’ll see.

In the meantime, I’m going to enjoy using this new beta on my Mac and seeing what else might be inside the release.

Again, Skype indicates that the 2.8 beta will be available tomorrow, January 6, 2009, for download for Mac OS X users.

I’ll look forward to reading what you all think…


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SOURCE: DisruptiveTelephony

Define "VoIP" – and then we can debate whether it is dead!

There is a fundamental problem with the “VoIP is dead” debate continuing to rage across the VoIP/communications part of the blogosphere (see Alec Saunders part 1 and part 2, Jon Arnold, Andy Abramson, Ken Camp, Jeff Pulver part 1 and part 2, Om Malik, Shidan Gouran, Ted Wallingford, Dameon Welch-Abernathy (PhoneBoy), Rich Tehrani and a zillion others…)

Aswath Rao and Luca Filigheddu came closest to the mark in their posts. The fundamental problem with this entire debate is simply this:

Define “VoIP”?

As I discussed in an Emerging Tech Talk video podcast I put up this morning, there are a range of definitions you could give to “VoIP”, including, but not limited to, the following:

  1. The underlying infrastructure, a.k.a. the “plumbing” – the mechanisms, protocols, etc. that are used for the transport of voice/video/etc. over IP. Things like SIP, H.323, RTP, various codecs, etc.
  2. Consumer “PSTN line replacement” services – Offerings like those of Vonage and so many others where the basic idea is that you can get cheaper telephone charges by going over the Internet and getting rid of your local landline. Also called “pure play” VoIP by some or “VoIP arbitrage” by others.
  3. Computer-to-computer/softphone offerings, often coming from the IM space – Skype sets the bar here, but there’s a host of other players as well, including Gizmo, GoogleTalk, FWD, and many others. Some of these came from existing Instant Messaging services that simply added voice.
  4. Enterprise IP-PBX/”Unified Communications” solutions – Communications systems used by enterprises, large and small – what has traditionally been called the “PBX” but that term is increasingly meaningless given the range of options now being provided.
  5. The *entire* vision of rich communication over IP – The whole picture… everything over IP… voice, video, IM, presence, file/data sharing… the whole rich communication experience.

Each and every one of these is referred to as “VoIP” by some segment of our industry. (And there’s even more… I did have someone once reply to me that “VoIP” was the pre-paid calling cards that you can buy in convenience stores, etc. (And in truth, they usually do get their cheap rates by using VoIP for transport somewhere in there.))

The point is that we need to be a bit more precise in what we call “VoIP” before we can argue about whether it is alive or not.

From my point-of-view, the life and death of these different definitions of “VoIP” varies:

  1. The underlying infrastructure – Doing extremely well… in fact, so well, that it’s fading into the background and just being part of our underlying network infrastructure, both in the fixed and mobile environments. (Which also argues that some of the VoIP-infrastructure-specific products/services are no longer quite as necessary.)
  2. Consumer “PSTN line replacement” services – Great for cable companies; not so good for pure-plays – Looked at Vonage’s stock price lately? They and so many of the other companies whose only real selling point was “get cheaper phone calls with us” are certainly struggling or dying. Why? The cable companies, for one, are cleaning up in this space with their “triple-play” bundling of voice with Internet access and television. The pure-play companies may be cheaper on voice but the cable packages may be far more compelling. Add in the “unlimited calling” mobile phone plans we have here in North America, plus the softphone players like Skype plus some of the emerging cloud/hosted offerings… and all-in-all it’s not a pretty picture for Vonage and friends. (And this is really the VoIP “industry” to which Alec was referring.)
  3. Computer-to-computer/softphone offerings – Very alive – Skype is flirting with 15 million simultaneous online users and also reporting decent income, Gizmo is rolling out a Flash-based softphone to remove the need for a client, TringMe is providing widgets to various folks… and a whole range of others are growing. (While some players are shrinking here, too, of course.)
  4. Enterprise IP-PBX/”Unified Communications” solutions – Very alive – Basically every vendor supplying communications systems to enterprises are now doing so over IP. No one is selling traditional TDM PBXs anymore. Players in this space include the traditional telephony players like Nortel, Avaya, Siemens, Mitel, Alcatel-Lucent, along with newer entrants like the dominant Cisco, ShoreTel, Digium/Asterisk and then even newer entrants like Microsoft OCS and IBM Sametime.
  5. The *entire* vision of rich communication over IPVERY alive! – In fact, I’d say that the next few years will be one of the most fascinating years in this space. We’re at this amazing intersection of insane amounts of local bandwidth and computing power, increasingly ubiquitous powerful mobile devices, and incredible power out “in the cloud”. All around us we are building the massive IP communications interconnect. It’s happening. At a glacial pace in some areas and at a crazy pace in others. We’re layering on applications and services. We’re making them available through simple APIs and mashups. We’re all collectively doing some pretty amazing things out there. It’s a great time to be in this space!

So how do you define VoIP?

If you think of “VoIP” as my #2, the “cheap telephony consumer services”, then sure, if you don’t consider the cable companies then than sector isn’t doing too well. If you define VoIP as one of the other definitions here, well, then in my view it is very much alive.

What do you think? How do you define “VoIP”?

P.S. If you’d like to join a number of us to discuss this topic, Sheryl Breuker and Ken Camp are hosting a conference call tonight at 9pm US Eastern / 6pm US Pacific. Join us… it should be fun. :-)

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SOURCE: DisruptiveTelephony